Erb's Palsy is a form of brachial plexus palsy caused when the baby's upper group of nerves controlling the arms are damaged or severed because of dystocia during a difficult birth. It is frequently caused in instances when the baby's head and neck are pulled to one side as the body enters the birth canal. Erb's palsy may also result if the doctor or midwife pulls using excessive force on the shoulders during an otherwise normal cephalic (head first) birth.
The results of Erb's palsy can be devastating on the baby and the family. While treatment can have a positive effect, babies born with the condition may be left with permanent arm weakness, immobility and pain as they mature into adulthood, requiring years of physical therapy and medical treatment.